# Python supports all basic arithmetic operations out of the box
# No imports, no setup — just write the operation

# Basic operators
print(10 + 3)   # 13 — addition
print(10 - 3)   # 7  — subtraction
print(10 * 3)   # 30 — multiplication
print(10 / 3)   # 3.3333... — division (always returns float)
print(10 // 3)  # 3  — floor division (whole number, rounds down)
print(10 % 3)   # 1  — modulo (remainder)
print(10 ** 3)  # 1000 — exponentiation (power)

# Division always returns float — even if the result is whole
print(10 / 2)   # 5.0 — not 5
print(type(10 / 2))   # <class 'float'>
print(type(10 // 2))  # <class 'int'>

# Using variables — this is where it gets useful
price = 49.99
quantity = 3
discount = 10

total = price * quantity
after_discount = total - discount

print(f"Total: {total}")                  # Total: 149.97
print(f"After discount: {after_discount}") # After discount: 139.97

# Order of operations — same as math
print(2 + 3 * 4)    # 14 — multiplication first
print((2 + 3) * 4)  # 20 — parentheses first

# Modulo — useful for checking even/odd
print(10 % 2)  # 0 — even
print(11 % 2)  # 1 — odd

# Floor division — always rounds down
print(7 // 2)   # 3 — not 3.5, not 4
print(-7 // 2)  # -4 — rounds down, not toward zero